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WIDTH="64" ALT="Steamships" TITLE="Steamships"><H1 ALIGN="LEFT">Steamships</H1>
<H2>Screw-propelled Steamships</H2>
<P>In the end of 1850 the screw propeller become recognized as superior to the paddle-wheeles and after that the steamships began to supersede the sailing ships.<BR>
Ships with screw propeller has a number of advantages and these ships are better in rough sea since the screw is continually submerged.</P>
<H2>Side-wheelers</H2>
<P> Some steamships had one engine for each paddle-wheel. Later steamships had the paddle-wheels mounted on the very same shaft. Paddle steamers can carry less cargo since there draught will influence on the paddle-wheels efficiency. If the wheels are too much submerged they will not work at all.</P>
<H2>Stern-wheelers, steamships with a paddle-wheel at the stern</H2>
<P>The Mississippi River Stern-wheelers have a steering system that is very different from other ships. On screw propelled ships, the rudder is behind the propeller. A stern-wheeler has its very large rudders ahead of the paddle-wheel. This makes these steamships more manoeuvrable in astern than ahead going.</P>
<P> </P>
<H2>Navy ships</H2>
<P>Navy ships was originally propelled in the same way as the merchant marine ships, but son they become provided with water tube boilers with
higher steam-pressure. The navy of many countries still use steam engines for propulsion of their ships, but the marine authorities are reluctant
to show their navy ships engines. Marine nuclear boilers are used in large navy ships and icebreakers serving in Arctic waters.</P>
<H2>Steamboats</H2>
<P>
Steamboat Forsvik at her home bridge. This steamboat has a peculiar valve gear, the "Carlsund thread" valve-gear. The Steamboats valve-gear is rare
nowadays. Stephenson's link motion is common in small steamboats.
</P>
<P>To distinguish between steamships and other steam propelled boats: if the boats lengths are 12m or more and there beams are 4m or more then they are a steamships otherwise they are steamboats.</P>
<H3> Steamships usually carry prefix before there names: SS=Steamship,
PS=Paddle steamships, TS=Turbine Ship, SL=Steam Launch, RMS=Royal Mail steamships, MV= diesel Motor-driven Vessels.
</H3>
<P>Some people claim that the American ship <B>Savannah</B> was the first steamer to cross the Atlantic Ocean in 1819. <B>Savannah</B> was on of the sailing ships fitted with steam-engine and side-wheels. During the twenty-nine days voyage they used the engine less than four days.<BR>
<B>Curaçao</B> a small Dutch mail carrier crossed de Atlantic Ocean several times, mostly under steam power, in 1826-28.</P>
<H2>Reciprocating steam-engines and scotch fire-tube boilers to propel steamships with paddle wheels, paddle wheelers, and steamships with screw propeller</H2>
<P>There are three main types or reciprocating steam-engines used in steamships: compound, triple and quadruple-expansion engines. A few minor steamships are provided with single piston engines.</P>
<H2>Steamships with compound engines</H2>
<P> The steam expand in two steps from the boiler pressure to the exhaust pressure using one high-pressure and one low-pressure cylinder.<BR>
Compound steam-engines with three cylinders have been used, especially as auxiliary engines to produce electricity onboard the steamships. In that case there were three cylinders with the very same diameter, on high pressure cylinder two low pressure cylinders. </P>
<H2>Steamships with Triple-Expansion engine</H2>
<P> The steam expand in three steps from the boiler pressure to the exhaust pressure using one high-pressure-cylinder, one intermediate-pressure-cylinder and one low-pressure-cylinder. In large steamships the engines very large and heavy low-pressure-piston could hardly be lifted by the low pressure steam and it was therefore replaced by two low-pressure-pistons. In that case there were four cylinders, one high- pressure, one intermediate-pressure cylinder and two low-pressure cylinders.</P>
<H2>Steamships with Quadruple-Expansion engine</H2>
<P> The steam expands in four steps from the boiler pressure to the exhaust pressure using one high-pressure cylinder, two different size intermediate-pressure cylinder and one low-pressure cylinder. <BR>
The SS Inchmona owned by Hamilton Fraser & steamships Company had a five-cylinders quadruple-expansion engine; one high pressure-cylinder two different sized intermediate-pressure-cylinders and two equal sized low pressure cylinders.</P>
<P>A valve-gear is the equipment used to reverse a steam-engine. All steamships have a valve-gear although Stephenson named his valve-gear a link-motion.</P>
<H2>Still sailing steamships and steamboats</H2>
<P>Lots of steamships still sails. Some of the them have got new boilers but most of the them uses the steam-engine that have worked since the ships were launched.</P>
<P><B>Svenska ångfartyg</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/fartyg/angfartyg.html">ångfartyg</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/fartyg/angpannor.html">ångpannor</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/fartyg/angmaskiner.html">ångmaskiner</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/fartyg/angmaskiner-omkastning.html">Kolvångmaskiners slidrörelser</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/fartyg/valve-gears.html">Reciprocating steam engines valve-gears</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/fartyg/a-jack.html">Fartygets gös</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/fartyg/forfattningssamling.html">Svensk författningssamling</A><BR>
</P>
<P>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships.html">Still sailing steamships</A><BR>
</P>
<P><B>Navbars</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamships-british.html">British steamers and steamboats</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamships-danish.html">Danish steamers and steamboats</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamships-dutch.html">Dutch steamers and steamboats</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamships-finnish.html">Finnish steamers and steamboats</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamships-german.html">German steamers and steamboats</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamships-norwegian.html">Norwegian steamers and steamboats</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamships-spanish.html">Spanish steamers and steamboats</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamships-swedish.html">Swedish steamships</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamboats-swedish.html">Swedish steamboats</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-steamships-swiss.html">Swiss steamers and Steamboats</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/navbar-fartyg.html">Meny för Svenska Ångfartyg</A><BR>
</P>
<P><B>British</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-british/steamship-challenge.html">British steam tug Challenge from London</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-british/steamship-kerne.html">British steam tug Kerne from London</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-british/steamship-waverley.html">British paddle Steamer Waverley from Glasgow</A><BR>
</P>
<P><B>Danish</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-danish/steamship-skjelskor.html">Steamship Skjelskør from Frederikssund</A><BR>
<BR>
<B>Danish Steamboats</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-danish/steamboat-hjejlen.html">Paddle Steamer Hjejlen from Silkeborg</A> <BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-danish/steamboat-thor.html">Steamboat Thor</A><BR>
</P>
<P>
<B>Dutch</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-dutch/steamship-elfin.html">Steamship Elfin from Wormerveer</A>r<BR>
</P>
<P><B>Finnish</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-finnish/steamship-ukkopekka.html">Steamship Ukkopekka from Turku</A><BR>
</P>
<P><B>German</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-german/steamship-alexandra.html">Steamship Alexandra from Flensburg</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-german/steamship-freya.html">Paddle Steamer Freya from Kiel</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-german/steamship-kapitan-meyer.html">Steamship Kapitän Meyer from Wilhelmshaven</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-german/steamship-schaarhorn.html">Steamship Schaarhörn from Hamburg</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-german/steamship-stettin.html">Icebreaker Stettin from Hamburg</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-german/steamship-wal.html">Icebreaker Wal from Bremerhaven</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-german/steamship-woltman.html">Steamship Woltman from Hamburg</A><BR>
<BR>
<B>German steamboats</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-german/steamboat-fluth.html">Steamboat Fluth from Bremen</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-german/steamboat-petit-four.html">Steamboat Petit Four from Flensburg</A><BR>
</P>
<P><B>Norwegian</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-norwegian/steamship-boroysund.html">Steamship Børøysund from Oslo</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-norwegian/steamship-oster.html">Steamship Oster from Bergen</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-norwegian/steamship-skibladner.html">Paddle Steamer Skibladner from Gjøvik</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-norwegian/steamship-southern-actor.html">Steamship Southern Actor from Sandefjord</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-norwegian/steamship-styrbjorn.html">Steam tug Styrbjørn from Oslo</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-norwegian/steamship-turisten.html">Steamship Turisten from Halden</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-norwegian/steamship-engebret-soot.html">Steamship Engebret Soot from Ørje Brug</A><BR>
<BR>
<B>Norwegian Steamboats</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-norwegian/steamboat-proven.html">Steamboat Prøven from Kornsjø</A><BR>
</P>
<P>
<B>Spanish</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-spanish/steamship-hidria-segundo.html">Sailing ship with steam engine Hidria Segundo from O Grave</A><BR>
</P>
<P>
<B>Swedish</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-blidosund.html">Passenger Steamer Blidösund from Norrtälje</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-bohuslan.html">Passenger Steamer Bohuslän from Gothenburg</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-bore.html">Steamship Bore from Västerås</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-boxholm-2.html">Steamship Boxholm II from Boxholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-djurgarden-3.html">Steam ferry Djurgården 3 from Stockholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-domnarfvet.html">Steamship Domnarfvet from Tomnäs</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-drottningholm.html">Steamship Drottningholm from Stockholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-ejdern.html">Steamship Ejdern from Södertälje</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-elfdalen.html">Steamship Engebrekt from Leksand</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-engelbrekt.html">Steamship Elfdalen from Leksand</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-eric-nordevall.html">Paddle steamer Eric Nordevall II from Forsvik</A> <BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-flottisten.html">Steamship Flottisten from Rättvik</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-freja.html">Steamship Freja af Fryken from Fryksta</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-frithiof.html">Passenger Steamer Frithiof from Stockholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-farjan-4.html">Steamship Färjan 4 from Gothenburg</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-mariefred.html">Steamship Mariefred from Mariefred</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-motala-express.html">Steamship Motala Expesss from Motala</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-nalle.html">Steam tug Nalle from Oskarshamn</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-norrskar.html">Steamship Norrskär from Vaxholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-polstjarnan.html">Steamship Polstjärnan from Karlstad</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-saltsjon.html">Steamship Saltsjön from Stockholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-sankt-erik.html">Steamship Icebreaker Sankt Erik from Stockholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-stockholm.html">Steamship Stockholm from Stockholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-storskar.html">Steamship Storskär from Vaxholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-trafik.html">Steamship Trafik from Hjo</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-tarnan.html">Steamship Tärnan av Waxholm from Vaxholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-ornen.html">Steamship Örnen from Västerås</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-osta.html">Steamship Östa from Svinninge</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-primus.html">Steamship Primus from Sundsvall</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-thomee.html">Steamship Thomee from Östersund</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-warpen.html">Steamship Warpen from Bollnäs</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/steamship-ostersund.html">Steamship Östersund from Arvesund</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamships-swedish/schooner-elegant.html">Schooner Elegant from Kalmar</A><BR>
<BR>
<B>Swedish steamboats</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-alma-af-stafre.html">Steamboat Alma from Stafre</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-agnes.html">Steamboat Agnes from Born, Dalarna</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-basinge.html">Steamboat Bäsinge from Borlänge</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-forsvik.html">Steamboat Forsvik from Forsvik</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-gerda.html">Steamboat Gerda from Eskilstuna</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-herbert.html">Steamboat Herbert from Alingsås</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-lagaholm.html">Steamboat Lagaholm from Laholm</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-nossan.html">Steamboat Nossan from Nossebro</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-spiggen.html">Steamboat Spiggen from Mönsterås</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-thor.html">Steamboat Thor from Växjö</A><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swedish/steamboat-stjarn.html">Steamboat Stjärn from Nordingrå</A><BR>
</P>
<P><B>Swiss Steamboats</B><BR>
<A HREF="http://www.steamships.steamesteem.com/steamboats-swiss/steamboat-sirius.html">Steamboat Sirius from Murten</A><BR>
</P>
<P>
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</P>
<H3>Steamesteem in a computerized world</H3>
<P>©2010 Lars Josefsson</P>
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